The CBH Frame Welding Jig Plans Over the years we've posted several different frame welding jig plans but the set that follows is what we're currently using so I thought I'd pass it along. Like most stuff here we want to make this a free download but that doesn't mean that these plans are public domain as many people would like to think. These are copyrighted design drawings and you can download and use copies for your personal use but don't let me catch you spreading these plans all over the Internet. Give friends the link and let them download their own copies. If I see these on eBay or at some discussion board somebody will be in deep shit. There is not a whole lot of text that goes with the plans so I urge those who download them to read everything they can find here on the main site and at the discussion board and at other boards before starting to build a jig.
I've said it before and I'll say it here again that a welding jig is just a tool used by a fabricator and that tool needs to be customized for the specific user. What you'll get here is just the most basic 'starter' type of information and you'll have to take our information and build on it over time to come up with something that suites your unique and particular situation. The plans are broken down into six 30'x42' sheets in Adobe pdf format. You can have these printed in almost any 'office supply' type of operation such as Kinko's, Office Depot, Staples and even some Fed-Ex shops.
Some people don't like the large format that we use but I personally can't see any reason to draw plans of any type that are restricted by a little 'letter-size' printer format. You can still print these large scale drawings on a regular printer using the 'tile' option that most printers support if push comes to shove. The direct links to the individual Adobe plot files are here: There are all kinds of people out there trying to sell Frame jig plans and with few exceptions most of these plans are worthless so be careful of what you decide to use for your projects. Also be very careful of folks trying to 'sell' plans that they claim are CBH plans since we don't sell jig plans to begin with. The real nitty-gritty CBH jig plans have always been free to download here on the site.
If you visit other sites for plans you can trust Steve Spence (Mechwerks) and Joe McGlynn (Crime Scene Choppers) with respect to the plans they provide but other than those shops we don't know of anybody who provides good accurate information so let a word to the wise be sufficient. Copyright © 2003-11, All Rights Reserved.
A sportbike leaning in a corner A motorcycle often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle is a two- or three-wheeled. Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: travel, including, and riding.
Is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a and attending. In 1894, became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle. In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were, (both from ), and. In developing countries, motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater. Of all the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan. According to the the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.
Motorcyclist The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see ). There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose. Within these types, there are many sub-types of motorcycles for different purposes.
There is often a counterpart to each type, such as and street bikes, or and dirt bikes. Street bikes include, and, and many other types. Off-road motorcycles include many types designed for dirt-oriented racing classes such as and are not street legal in most areas. Dual purpose machines like the style are made to go off-road but include features to make them legal and comfortable on the street as well. Each configuration offers either specialised advantage or broad capability, and each design creates a different riding posture. In some countries the use of (rear seats) is restricted.
Replica of the Daimler-Maybach Reitwagen. The first, fueled motorcycle was the. It was designed and built by the German inventors and in, Germany in 1885. Silkroad database files list. This vehicle was unlike either the or the bicycles of the era in that it had zero degrees of and no, and thus did not use the principles of developed nearly 70 years earlier. Instead, it relied on two outrigger wheels to remain upright while turning. The inventors called their invention the Reitwagen ('riding car'). It was designed as an expedient testbed for their new engine, rather than a true prototype vehicle.
Mass-produced for the war effort and notable for its reliability During the First World War, motorbike production was greatly ramped up for the war effort to supply effective communications with front line troops. Messengers on horses were replaced with on motorcycles carrying messages, performing reconnaissance and acting as a military police. American company was devoting over 50% of its factory output toward military contract by the end of the war. The British company Triumph Motorcycles sold more than 30,000 of its model to during the war. With the rear wheel driven by a belt, the Model H was fitted with a 499 cc (30.5 cu in) air-cooled single-cylinder engine. It was also the first Triumph without.
The Model H in particular, is regarded by many as having been the first 'modern motorcycle'. Introduced in 1915 it had a 550 cc side-valve four-stroke engine with a three-speed gearbox and belt transmission.
It was so popular with its users that it was nicknamed the 'Trusty Triumph.' Postwar By 1920, was the largest manufacturer, with their motorcycles being sold by dealers in 67 countries. By the late 1920s or early 1930s, in Germany took over as the largest manufacturer.
NSU Sportmax streamlined motorcycle, 250 cc class winner of the In the 1950s, streamlining began to play an increasing part in the development of racing motorcycles and the 'dustbin fairing' held out the possibility of radical changes to motorcycle design. And were in the vanguard of this development, both producing very radical designs well ahead of their time.
NSU produced the most advanced design, but after the deaths of four NSU riders in the 1954–1956 seasons, they abandoned further development and quit. Produced competitive race machines, and by 1957 nearly all the Grand Prix races were being won by streamlined machines. The following year, 1958, full enclosure fairings were banned from racing by the in the light of the safety concerns. In the 21st century, the motorcycle industry is mainly dominated by the and by Japanese motorcycle companies.
In addition to the large capacity motorcycles, there is a large market in smaller capacity (less than 300 cc) motorcycles, mostly concentrated in Asian and African countries and produced in China and India. A Japanese example is the 1958, which went on to become the biggest selling vehicle of all time, with its 60 millionth unit produced in April 2008. Today, this area is dominated by mostly with emerging as the world's largest manufacturer of two wheelers. Its model has sold more than 8.5 million to date. Other major producers are and. Technical aspects. See also: and Motorcycle construction is the engineering, manufacturing, and assembly of components and systems for a motorcycle which results in the performance, cost, and aesthetics desired by the designer.
With some exceptions, construction of modern mass-produced motorcycles has standardised on a or, holding the front wheel, and. Some other body parts, designed for either aesthetic or performance reasons may be added. A petrol powered typically consisting of between one and four (and less commonly, up to eight cylinders) coupled to a five- or six-speed drives the -mounted rear wheel by a chain,. Fuel economy Motorcycle fuel economy varies greatly with engine displacement and riding style. A streamlined, fully faired Matzu Matsuzawa Honda XL125 achieved 470 mpg ‑US (0.50 L/100 km; 560 mpg ‑imp) in the 'on real highways – in real conditions.' Due to low engine displacements (100 cc–200 cc), and high power-to-mass ratios, motorcycles offer good fuel economy.
Under conditions of fuel scarcity like 1950s Britain and modern developing nations, motorcycles claim large shares of the vehicle market. Electric motorcycles. Main article: Very high fuel economy equivalents are often derived by electric motorcycles. Electric motorcycles are nearly silent, electric motor-driven vehicles. Operating range and top speed are limited by battery technology.
And petroleum-electric are also under development to extend the range and improve performance of the electric drive system. Reliability A 2013 survey of 4,424 readers of the US magazine collected reliability data on 4,680 motorcycles purchased new from 2009 to 2012. The most common problem areas were, electrical (including, ), and, and the with the greatest problems were touring, off-road/dual sport, sport-touring, and cruisers.
There were not enough sport bikes in the survey for a conclusion, though the data hinted at reliability as good as cruisers. These results may be partially explained by accessories including such equipment as fairings, luggage, and auxiliary lighting, which are frequently added to touring, adventure touring/dual sport and sport touring bikes. Trouble with fuel systems is often the result of improper winter storage, and brake problems may also be due to poor maintenance. Of the five brands with enough data to draw conclusions, Honda, Kawasaki and Yamaha were statistically tied, with 11 to 14% of those bikes in the survey experiencing major repairs. Harley-Davidsons had a rate of 24%, while BMWs did worst, with 30% of those needing major repairs. There were not enough Triumph and Suzuki motorcycles surveyed for a statistically sound conclusion, though it appeared Suzukis were as reliable as the other three Japanese brands while Triumphs were comparable to Harley-Davidson and BMW. Three fourths of the repairs in the survey cost less than US$200 and two thirds of the motorcycles were repaired in less than two days.
In spite of their relatively worse reliability in this survey, Harley-Davidson and BMW owners showed the greatest owner satisfaction, and three fourths of them said they would buy the same bike again, followed by 72% of Honda owners and 60 to 63% of Kawasaki and Yamaha owners. Dynamics. Main article: Different types of motorcycles have different dynamics and these play a role in how a motorcycle performs in given conditions. For example, one with a longer wheelbase provides the feeling of more stability by responding less to disturbances.
Have a large influence over handling. Motorcycles must be leaned in order to make turns. This lean is induced by the method known as, in which the rider momentarily steers the handlebars in the direction opposite of the desired turn. This practice is counterintuitive and therefore often confusing to novices – and even many experienced motorcyclists. With such short, motorcycles can generate enough torque at the rear wheel, and enough stopping force at the front wheel, to lift the opposite wheel off the road. These actions, if performed on purpose, are known as and (or endos) respectively.
Accessories. Wearing a motorcycle helmet reduces the risks of death or head injury in a motorcycle crash Motorcycles have a higher rate of fatal accidents than automobiles or trucks and buses. Data for 2005 from the show that for passenger cars, 18.62 fatal crashes occur per 100,000 registered vehicles. For motorcycles this figure is higher at 75.19 per 100,000 registered vehicles – four times higher than for cars. The same data shows that 1.56 fatalities occur per 100 million vehicle miles travelled for passenger cars, whereas for motorcycles the figure is 43.47 which is 28 times higher than for cars (37 times more deaths per mile travelled in 2007).
Furthermore, for motorcycles the accident rates have increased significantly since the end of the 1990s, while the rates have dropped for passenger cars. The most common configuration of motorcycle accidents in the United States is when a motorist pulls out or turns in front of a motorcyclist, violating their right-of-way. This is sometimes called a, an acronym formed from the motorists' common response of 'Sorry mate, I didn't see you'. Motorcyclists can anticipate and avoid some of these crashes with proper training, increasing their visibility to other traffic, keeping the speed limits, and not consuming or other before riding. Young woman riding a motorcycle in Laos, with four young children passengers The United Kingdom has several organisations dedicated to improving motorcycle safety by providing advanced rider training beyond what is necessary to pass the basic motorcycle licence test. These include the (IAM) and the (RoSPA).
Along with increased personal safety, riders with these advanced qualifications may benefit from reduced insurance costs In South Africa, the campaign is dedicated to increasing both motorcycle safety and the awareness of motorcycles on the country's roads. The campaign, while strongest in the Gauteng province, has representation in Western Cape, KwaZulu Natal and the Free State. It has dozens of trained marshals available for various events such as cycle races and is deeply involved in numerous other projects such as the annual Motorcycle Toy Run. An MSF rider course for novices Motorcycle safety education is offered throughout the United States by organisations ranging from state agencies to non-profit organisations to corporations. Most states use the courses designed by the (MSF), while and Idaho developed their own.
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All of the training programs include a Basic Rider Course, an Intermediate Rider Course and an Advanced Rider Course. In, since 2010, in the UK and some Australian jurisdictions, such as, the, and the, it is compulsory to complete a basic rider training course before being issued a Learners Licence, after which they can ride on public roads.
In Canada, motorcycle rider training is compulsory in and only, but all provinces and territories have programs which place restrictions on new drivers until they have gained experience. Eligibility for a full motorcycle licence or endorsement for completing a Motorcycle Safety course varies by province.
The, a non-profit safety organisation, offers the Gearing Up program across Canada and is endorsed by the Motorcycle and Moped Industry Council. Training course graduates may qualify for reduced insurance premiums. Motorcycle rider postures. Bombardier Can-Am Spyder, showing location of rider on the trike The motorcyclist's riding position depends on rider body-geometry combined with the geometry of the motorcycle itself.
These factors create a set of three basic postures. Sport – the rider leans forward into the wind and the weight of the upper torso is supported by the rider's core at low speed and air pressure at high speed (e.g., above 50 mph (80 km/h)). The footpegs are below the rider or to the rear. The reduced frontal area cuts wind resistance and allows higher speeds. At low-speed this position throws the weight of the rider onto the arms, which can tire the rider's wrists. Standard – the rider sits upright or leans forward slightly. The feet are below the rider.
These are motorcycles that are not specialised to one task, so they do not excel in any particular area. The standard posture is used with and commuting as well as dirt and dual-sport bikes, and may offer advantages for beginners. Cruiser – the rider sits at a lower seat height with the upper torso upright or leaning slightly rearward. Legs are extended forwards, sometimes out of reach of the regular controls on cruiser pegs. The low seat height can be a consideration for new or short riders. Handlebars tend to be high and wide. The emphasis is on comfort, while compromising cornering ability because of low ground clearance and the greater likelihood of scraping foot pegs, floor boards, or other parts if turns are taken at the speeds other motorcycles can more readily accomplish.
Factors of a motorcycle's geometry that determine the seating posture include the height, angle and location of footpegs, seat and handlebars. Factors in a rider's physical geometry that contribute to seating posture include torso, arm, thigh and leg length, and overall rider height. Legal definitions and restrictions. Main article: A motorcycle is broadly defined by law in most countries for the purposes of registration, taxation and rider licensing as a powered two-wheel motor vehicle. Most countries distinguish between mopeds of 49 cc and the more powerful, larger vehicles (scooters do not count as a separate category). Many jurisdictions include some forms of as motorcycles.
Environmental impact Motorcycles and scooters' low fuel consumption has attracted interest in the United States from environmentalists and those affected by increased fuel prices. Supported this interest with the launch of a 'Vespanomics' website and platform, claiming lower per-mile carbon emissions of 0.4 lb/mile (113 g/km) less than the average car, a 65% reduction, and better fuel economy.
However, a motorcycle's may contain 10–20 times more, and than exhaust from a similar-year passenger car or SUV. This is because many motorcycles lack a, and the is much more permissive for motorcycles than for other vehicles. While catalytic converters have been installed in most gasoline-powered cars and trucks since 1975 in the United States, they can present fitment and heat difficulties in motorcycle applications. 2007 certification result reports for all vehicles versus on highway motorcycles (which also includes scooters), the average certified emissions level for 12,327 vehicles tested was 0.734. The average 'Nox+Co End-Of-Useful-Life-Emissions' for 3,863 motorcycles tested was 0.8531. 54% of the tested 2007-model motorcycles were equipped with a catalytic converter. United States emissions limits The following table shows maximum acceptable legal emissions of the combination of hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide for new motorcycles sold in the United States with 280 cc or greater.
Tier Model year HC+NOx (g/km) CO (g/km) Tier 1 2006–2009 1.4 12.0 Tier 2 2010 and later 0.8 12.0 The maximum acceptable legal emissions of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide for new Class I and II motorcycles (50 cc–169 cc and 170 cc–279 cc respectively) sold in the United States are as follows: Model year HC (g/km) CO (g/km) 2006 and later 1.0 12.0 Europe for motorcycles are similar to those for cars. New motorcycles must meet Euro III standards, while cars must meet Euro V standards. Motorcycle emission controls are being updated and it has been proposed to update to Euro IV in 2012 and Euro V in 2015. See also.